Are responses to odors acquired as a function of the emotional context in
which they are initially perceived Researchers recently conducted a study in
which a novel odor was paired with either a positive or negative emotional
Line experience. Ratings associated with the test odor varied in accordance with the
(5) paired emotion, such that the odor was perceived as either congenial or
noisome, depending upon the quality of paired experience the participant had.
Olfactory sensory attributes may produce an unlearned impact when odors
are irritating; in these cases discomfort is experienced simultaneously to odor
sensation, an event occurring when stimulation of the trigeminal nerve occurs
(10) coterminous with olfactory sensation. Many odors elicit trigeminal stimulation
to varying degrees, so that the subjective distinction between pure odor and
trigeminal irritation is not possible to make, though scientists have precipitously
ventured to suggest methods. While these cases may help explain why one may
be immediately repelled by a certain scent, they unfortunately do not allow most
(15) scientists to establish which smells trigger innate reactions.

According to the passage, which of the following can be inferred about the role of the trigeminal nerve in the experience of odors（）